PCC is continually developing and enhancing its policies for distance education courses. Please refer back to this section of the handbook periodically for the most current information about how local policies and recommended best practices may affect online courses.
The following sections provide a summary of PCC policies as well as suggestions about how to implement them in individual online and hybrid courses.
Page Contents
Attendance & Participation
All distance education courses currently follow the Pasadena Area Community College District Policy for Attendance, Class Drops and Auditing courses.
PCC’s Attendance Policy
Policy Guidelines | What this means for distance education |
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Students in distance education courses are required to ‘attend’ class and participate just as if they were in a face-to-face course. This means that instructors need to set up guidelines for how much each lecture, reading assignment, discussion or project qualifies as a meeting during the course of a week/learning unit/course module.Students who do not participate in class, that is, who consistently do not complete assignments, quizzes, respond to forums or turn in other work, should be notified that they will be dropped from the class for non-participation.It is important that online and hybrid instructors should be very clear in their syllabus about what constitutes participation and late work. |
Individual Course Policies
Even more than in face-to-face courses, participation is a critical part of assessing learning outcomes. Each online or hybrid course syllabus should have a well-defined and detailed description of participation course policies that support the College’s attendance policy.
All online course rosters will be available to instructors 7 days before the first day the class begins.
Drop Policy
Federal Guidelines
Policy Guidelines | What this means for distance education |
The Federal government has not issued formal guidelines regarding what constitutes the “Last Day of Attendance” in the online classroom. However, because of the potential for financial aid fraud in online programs, the US Department of Education has recently determined that there should be “regular and substantive interaction between students and faculty” in online courses (Salomon and Murray). | It is not enough to evaluate a student’s attendance based solely on the number and frequency of logins or through course statistics on the LMS. The new guidelines are meant to protect the institution from students who are receiving financial aid assistance but who are not participating in class.Although guidelines have yet to be created, instructors must drop students based on their participation in class. ‘Attendance’ (through logins) is not the same as participation. Participation means actively completing course activities in the LMS such as assignments, assessments, posting on discussion forums, etc. Participation policies must be clarified in the online syllabus. |
PCC’s Drop Policy
All distance education courses currently follow the Pasadena Area Community College District Policy for Attendance, Class Drops and Auditing courses. PCC is working towards making the Add/Drop procedures fully online by the 2012 academic year.
Policy Guidelines | What this means for distance education |
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The face-to-face policy of ‘attending’ the first class, particularly for students who are new to distance education may present a problem. There are often students who, either because they are unaware of the policies or overwhelmed by the technology, may login to the course but might not complete any of the assignments on the first day.It is therefore important for online and hybrid instructors to create a coherent and well-defined course drop policy and to articulate this in the initial email and welcome letter sent to the students prior to the course start date as well as in the online course syllabus. |
Individual Course Drop Policy
The College’s drop policy is quite clear for face-to-face instruction, but less so for online and hybrid courses. Because of this, it is important to clarify what constitutes the ‘first day of class’.
Establishing a drop policy |
If a student has not checked-in, it is best to send an email before the drop deadline to inform them that they are in danger of being dropped if they do not respond by the deadline. |
Dropped Students in CANVAS
As with face-to-face classes, all student drops go through MIS Online Services. After a student is dropped through the PCC system, changes will automatically appear in the LMS. Updates occur about every 2 hours during the times that the MIS system is open.
Add Policy
All distance education courses currently follow the Pasadena Area Community College District Policy for Attendance, Class Drops and Auditing courses. PCC is working towards making the Add/Drop procedures fully online by the 2012 academic year.
PCC’s Add Policy
Policy Guidelines | What this means for distance education |
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Students will have to go through the same procedure to add distance education courses as they would for face-to-face instruction. The unpaid waitlist policy simply means that students do not have to pay for their units until they are officially enrolled in the course.Inform students in the order that they appear on the waitlist by email that they can add the course if there is still space available. Make certain that the email states a day, date, and time (include time zone) they must add the course by. |
Added Students in CANVAS
As with face-to-face classes, all student adds go through MIS Online Services. All students are put on an unpaid waitlist.
Before the first day of class | The system automatically provides students with the add code sent to them directly by email. After a student receives their add code, they have 24 hours to register for the course. Students from the unpaid waitlist are added in chronological order so as to be fair and equitable to all students. |
On the first day of class | Rosters are loaded with the add codes included. Instructors can then provide students on the waitlist with the add code. The students have 24 hours to add the class, at which point, if they do not, the next student on the waitlist may be contacted. Students from the unpaid waitlist are added in chronological order so as to be fair and equitable to all students. This procedure also holds for courses that start after the first day of the term. Add codes will not be released to the instructor until the first day of the course. |
Once the student adds themselves through the PCC registration system, changes will appear in the LMS. Updates occur about every 2 hours during the times that the MIS system is open. It is important to remind students that they will not be able to login to CANVAS until they are loaded into the system and that this process may take up to 24 hours.
Grading Policy
All distance education courses follow the Pasadena Area Community College District Policy for Standards of Scholarship.
PCC’s Grading Policy
Policy Guidelines | What this means for distance education |
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As with face-to-face courses, grades in online and hybrid courses are an indicator of student achievement and learning. Because the nature of instructor-student contact is different in the distance education environment, course grades and progress reports become an ever greater part of the learning process.Evaluative feedback from the instructor allows students to be aware of their progress in the course and directs them toward fulfilling learning outcomes.In addition, state and regional accreditation guidelines for regular effective contact require that instructors in distance education courses apply the same course quality standards to their online and hybrid courses as they do to their face-to-face classes:
This means that students should receive the same type, amount and frequency of feedback from assignments and tests as they would were they taking a course on-campus. |
Grading in CANVAS
CANVAS has many tools that streamline the online grading process for instructors and help notify the instructor of students who many need additional support in the course.
SPEEDGRADER | An all-in-one grading system, SpeedGrader allows instructors to see when assignments were submitted as well as grade assignments within a special browser. This browser has one frame for the assignment itself (converting it, regardless of format) and then another frame which allows instructors to give written, audio or video feedback to the student. Rubrics can also be linked to assignments in SpeedGrader. The SpeedGrader app can be downloaded from iTunes for the iPad for use on-the-go. |
GRADEBOOK | The Gradebook lets instructors view grades for all the CANVAS classes they are teaching, notify students of their grades in a variety of formats, and inform instructors of student performance — particularly those students who may need additional help. The Gradebook also allows instructors to create custom grading and weighting scales, compare data across course sections and download grades for offline use. |
RUBRICS | CANVAS has an interactive Rubric tool where instructors can create and use course rubrics directly within the SpeedGrader. |
COURSE STATISTICS | In the Settings section of the Course Menu, instructors can view overall course statistics such as page views, log-ins and assignment submission data. |
STUDENT INTERACTIONS REPORT | In the Grades tool the Student Interactions Report shows instructors current, final and ungraded assignments. |
Grade Submissions
All instructors using CANVAS are required to submit their grades by college deadlines and in accordance with current PCC protocol. It is a best practice in distance education for instructors to archive their grades and grade documentation for each online and hybrid course section from the LMS site. For this reason, all Gradebooks in CANVAS must be downloaded and archived.
Academic Honesty and Authentication
Academic honesty and student authentication (verification of a student’s identity) in distance education often go hand in hand. Because of the lack of face-to-face classroom time, it can be difficult for instructors to know if the student enrolled in the class is the actual person who is logging in and turning in their own work. The following sections provide information about PCC’s policies on academic honesty and some suggestions for ensuring academic integrity and authentication in the online environment.
PCC’s Academic Honesty Policy
All distance education courses currently follow the Pasadena Area Community College District Policy for Student Conduct and Academic Honesty.
Policy Guidelines | What this means for distance education |
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The guidelines for academic honesty in face-to-face courses also apply to students in online and hybrid courses. Plagiarism, disruptive behavior (such as improper discussion posts or poor netiquette) and taking an exam for someone else are all violations of student conduct guidelines.There is little evidence to suggest that online and hybrid students are more likely to cheat. In fact, the few studies that have researched this issue found that online students were less likely to engage in academic dishonesty than those in face-to-face classes. In part this may be because of the nature of the distance education environment where, because of regular effective contact guidelines, instructors often have more interactions with individual students.Students who are able to learn at their own speed and who are provided with many different forms of alternative assessments may also be less likely to ‘panic cheat’, that is, impulsively cheat during an exam (Stuber-McEwen, Wiseley & Hoggat).
Perhaps the biggest challenge in the distance education environment is student authentication. Using PCC’s LMS secure login system and incorporating best practices for regular effective contact — such as getting to know students and their writing styles — are effective means to help to ensure that students registered for the course are truly the ones contributing to it. For instructors teaching hybrid courses with proctored exams on campus, this may be less of an issue than for those who are teaching fully online courses for high stakes exams. |
Individual Course Policy
It is important for instructors to establish clear expectations in their online syllabus as to what constitutes academically dishonest behavior.
Creating guidelines for academic honesty |
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Preventing plagiarism |
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Academic Honesty and CANVAS
In addition to incorporating best practices for academic honesty into online and hybrid courses, there features and additional software services that help prevent plagiarism in CANVAS. Please check back to this section periodically, as software packages and features are added and updated frequently.
TURNITIN | Turnitin is web-based service which can be used directly with CANVAS that identifies plagiarism in student work. The software then completes an Originality Checking process that compares student work against internet and database sources. |